HOW TO REFORMAT A PERSONAL COMPUTER?

REFORMATTING 

A PERSONAL COMPUTER

⇝STEPS TO REFORMAT A 

PERSONAL COMPUTER⇜

1. Start your pc and press key F2, F12 or delete key (Depends on your PC model). 

⇉Your PC BIOS settings will be displayed. Find boot menu. In boot device priority select CD-ROM as first boot device.

2. Your PC will boot from CD and windows installation will start. Press Enter at this screen.

3. Accept License agreement by pressing F8 key.

4. Delete the partitions.

5. Create the partitions.

6. Define the size of partitions.

7. Now select your desired partition for installation of Windows XP and press enter.

8. Choose to format the partition. Choose NTFS file system quick. 

9. Setup will format the partition.

10. After formatting, setup will start copying files on to the hard disk.

11. After copying of files, setup will start installing Windows. 

12.  Select desired language and regional settings, when prompted by setup.

13. Enter windows key.

14. Type a name for your computer.

15.  Select time and date settings and time zone according to your country.

16.  Provide network settings for networking pc's or select typical settings and press enter.

17.  Setup will install devices and register components.

18.   After completion setup will do a cleanup of files and will restart your pc automatically. At this stage you can remove CD from drive.

TO CREATE 

A PARTITION

What is DISK PARTITIONING?

Disk partitioning is the creation of one or more regions on a  hard disk or other secondary storage, so that an operating system  can manage information in each region separately.

What is PARTITIONING?

Partitioning is typically the first step of preparing a newly manufactured disk, before any files or directories have been created. 

Remember:

  1 KB  = thousand bytes

    1 MB    = million bytes

    1 GB    = billion bytes

    1 TB    = trillion bytes

Remember:

   1 KB  = 1024 bytes

   1 MB    = 1024 KB

   1 GB    = 1024 MB

   1 TB    = 1024 GB

TO CREATE 

A PARTITION

Original size/capacity =  40995 MB

P1  - 50 %  =  40995 x .50  = 20498

P2  - 50 %  =  40995 x .50 = 20498

P1  - 25 %  =  40995 x .25 = 10249  

P2  - 75 %  =  40995 x .75 = 30746

P1  - 25 GB  =  25 x 1024  = 25600

P2  - 25  %  =  40995 x .25 = 10249

P3  - The rest  

HOW TO SHARE FILE AND PRINTER IN A COMPUTER NETWORK?

HOW TO SHARE FILE AND PRINTER ON A NETWORK?

PRELIMINARY STEPS:

1.  Create an IP address

2. Configure the IP address

3. Set Windows Firewall settings

 •Turn off firewall

  - Firewall – is a network security system that can monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

4. Set up a home or small office network

 - Network Setup Wizard – is a built-in feature of windows that let you setup a network for computer running Microsoft Windows operating systems.

(IMAGE STEP-BY-STEP FOR NETWORK SETUP WIZARD)

1. 

2.

3.

4.

5.

SHARING FILE ON A NETWORK ADDRESS (SERVER)

1. Place the file inside the folder

2. Right click the folder

3. Click PROPERTIES

4. Click SHARING

5. Click SHARE THIS FOLDER ON THE NETWORK

6. Click APPLY

7. Click OK

CHECKING THE FILE (CLIENT)

1.    Click START BUTTON

2.    Click RUN

3.    Then type \\[IP Address of server]

SHARING PRINTER ON A NETWORK ADDRESS (SERVER)

1. Click CONTROL PANEL

2. Click ADD PRINTER

3. Right-click Printer

4. Click SHARING

5. Click SHARE THIS PRINTER

6. Click APPLY

7. Click OK

CONNECTING PRINTER ON A NETWORK (CLIENT)

1. Click RUN

2. Then type \\[IP address of server]

3. Double-click PRINTERS AND FAXES

4. Right-click PRINTER

5. Click CONNECT

WHAT IS A NETWORK ADDRESS?

NETWORK ADDRESS

- is any logical or physical address that uniquely distinguishes a network node or device over a computer or telecommunications network. It is a numeric/symbolic number or address that is assigned to any device that seeks access to or is part of a network.

Internet Protocol Versions:

1. IP version 4/ IPV4

-is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol (IP). It is one of the core protocols of standards-based internetworking methods in the Internet, and was the first version deployed for production in the ARPANET in 1983. It is the standard version.

2. IP version 6/IPV6

-is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet. IPv6 was developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to deal with the long-anticipated problem of IPv4 address exhaustion. IPv6 is intended to replace IPv4. It is the advanced version.

CLASSES OF IP ADDRESS

NOTE: 127- it is a loop back function of a network

CLASS D - is for MULTICAST

CLASS E - reserved for future or experiment purpose.

100.168.2.1 - EXAMPLE OF CLASS A IP ADDRESS

190.3.0.1 - EXAMPLE OF CLASS B IP ADDRESS

192. 168.1.1 or 192.168.2.1 - EXAMPLE OF CLASS C IP ADDRESS

                                                     - typical home networks use IP ADDRESS  that start with 192.168 IP ADDRESS 

BINARY

STEPS:

CREATING IP ADDRESS

1. RIGHT CLICK "MY NETWORK PLACES"
2. CLICK "PROPERTIES"
3. RIGHT CLICK "LOCAL AREA NETWORK"
4. CLICK "PROPERTIES"
5. CLICK "TCP/IP"
6. CLICK "PROPERTIES"

• OBTAIN AN IP ADDRESS AUTOMATICALLY
• USE  THE FOLLOWING IP ADDRESS

                    IP ADDRESS           ___________________

                    SUBNET MASK     ___________________

7. CLICK  "OK" 

IP CONFIGURATION

1. CLICK "START BUTTON"

2. CLICK "RUN"

3. TYPE "CMD"

4. TYPE "ipconfig"

5. TYPE "ping ⦗IP ADDRESS⦘"

1

CABLE

        ~It is a medium that connects computer in a network.

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF CABLE?

1. TWISTED - PAIR CABLE

~ is the most common type of cable.

~ have eight individual copper wires bundled together and covered with an insulting material.

    TYPES OF TWISTED - 

1.)PAIR CABLE

•  STP (SHIELDED TWISTED - PAIR

~ often used in "noisy" environments where a shield of metallic foil is wrapped around each of  the wire pairs, with an traditional overall shielding to protect against excessive electromagnetic interference.

• UTP (UNSHIELDED TWISTED) - PAIR)

~ is the most common form of twisted pair wairing.

~ it is less expensive and easier to work with an STP.

2. COAXIAL CABLE

~ the standard media used by cable TV operators.

~it consists of plastic insulator that separates the solid copper inner conductor and the woven, copper braid outer conductors to travel without outer interference. 

3. FIBER - OPTIC CABLE

~ has a reflective coating that allows light beam
  

STRAIGHT-THROUGH CABLE

~it is used to connect different type of devices.

CROSSOVER CABLE

~it is used to connect same type of devices.